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Subject and level

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Syllabus points

ESS-T1 Foundation

ESS-1.1 PerspectivesEnvironmental value systems and how worldviews shape responses to environmental issues.
ESS-1.2 SystemsSystems thinking, models, inputs/outputs/storages/flows, feedback loops and equilibria.
ESS-1.3 SustainabilitySustainability concepts, natural capital and ecological footprints.

ESS-T2 Ecology

ESS-2.1 Individuals, populations, communities and ecosystemsLevels of ecological organisation and species interactions.
ESS-2.2 Energy and biomassEnergy flow, trophic levels, pyramids of energy/biomass/numbers.
ESS-2.3 Biogeochemical cyclesCarbon, nitrogen and other nutrient cycles.
ESS-2.4 Climate and biomesGlobal climate patterns and the distribution of major biomes.
ESS-2.5 Zonation, succession and change in ecosystemsEcological succession, zonation and resilience to disturbance.

ESS-T3 Biodiversity and Conservation

ESS-3.1 Biodiversity and evolutionMeasuring biodiversity and the evolutionary processes that generate it.
ESS-3.2 Human impact on biodiversityHabitat loss, pollution, invasive species and other threats to biodiversity.
ESS-3.3 Conservation and regenerationConservation strategies, protected areas, rewilding and regeneration.

ESS-T4 Water

ESS-4.1 Water systemsThe hydrological cycle and freshwater/marine systems.
ESS-4.2 Water access, use and securityGlobal water access, use patterns and water security challenges.
ESS-4.3 Aquatic food production systemsFisheries, aquaculture and their sustainability.
ESS-4.4 Water pollutionSources, impacts and management of water pollution.

ESS-T5 Land

ESS-5.1 SoilsSoil as a system: formation, profile, and degradation.
ESS-5.2 Agriculture and foodTerrestrial food production systems, land use and food security.

ESS-T6 Atmosphere and Climate Change

ESS-6.1 Introduction to the atmosphereAtmospheric structure and composition.
ESS-6.2 Climate change: causes and impactsGreenhouse gases, drivers of climate change and its environmental/social impacts.
ESS-6.3 Climate change: mitigation and adaptationStrategies to reduce emissions and adapt to climate change.
ESS-6.4 Stratospheric ozoneOzone depletion, its causes and international responses.

ESS-T7 Natural Resources

ESS-7.1 Resource use in societyNatural capital, resource classification and sustainable resource use.
ESS-7.2 Energy sourcesRenewable and non-renewable energy sources and their sustainability.
ESS-7.3 Solid wasteWaste generation, management approaches and the waste hierarchy.

ESS-T8 Human Populations and Urban Systems

ESS-8.1 Human population dynamicsPopulation growth models, demographic transition and carrying capacity.
ESS-8.2 Urban systems and planningUrbanisation trends and sustainable urban planning.
ESS-8.3 Urban air pollutionSources, effects and management of urban air pollution.

Difficulty and exam format

Formats follow the current IB subject guide for Environmental Systems & Societies SL.

Duration and question count

Up to 20 questions for this format — pick an official IB paper format for longer papers.

Additional instructions

Timed exam mode

Sit the paper against a 120-minute countdown under exam conditions. You can change this when the paper opens.

Your blueprint

  • Environmental Systems & Societies · SL
  • Paper 2 · Medium
  • 120 minutes · 8 questions
  • No syllabus points selected yet

Generated papers are labelled IBBase AI Generated. This is an AI-generated practice paper and is not an official IB examination paper.